Salesforce Interview Questions

Salesforce Interview Questions

1. What are the main benefits of a cloud solution like Salesforce?
Sales force is a Cloud SaaS platform (Software-as-a-service), which means you access it
through your web browser, as opposed to a desktop application. Cloud systems have major
benefits over legacy computer systems that require huge amounts of server power to run.
Cost – Older on-premise solutions required a huge upfront investment of infrastructure. You would need to buy all the servers, install them and maintain them.
Upgrades – Instead of managing upgrades to your software yourself, Cloud computing
providers take care of this for you. Salesforce will upgrade your solution to the latest version 3 times a year.
Mobility – Cloud computing tools can be accessed from anywhere. As long as you have a
device and an internet connection, you can access any information that is stored in
Salesforce.

2.Can you describe the main differences between Sales Cloud & Service Cloud?
 Sales Cloud – This product is designed to support businesses with their sales cycle.
Taking a potential customer on a journey from qualifying them through the Lead object
to converting them into an Opportunity where the main sales cycle takes place. Sales
Cloud also has a number of other features to support this process, from quoting to
forecasting.
 Service Cloud – Service Cloud on the other hand helps organisations with their customer
support process. Customers initiate a support process by emailing, calling, or submitting
an online form. Once this case has been created in Salesforce, agents can use features
such as a Knowledge base to help find answers to questions, milestones to ensure SLA
(Service Level Agreements) are met, as well as features like live chat to talk to
customers in real-time.

3. What is the Salesforce Platform (Force.com), and how does it help
organisations?
 One of Salesforce’s biggest selling points is its platform (Previously called Force.com). This enables you to create powerful customisations on top of Salesforce’s products, that allow you to completely tailor the applications to your organisation’s exact needs. This is made even more attractive by the fact that you can create customisations with clicks, not code.
 At a basic level, this allows you to create custom fields and objects, to store unique information related to your organisation. One of the most popular customisation possibilities is automation. You can create automation to pretty much do anything in Salesforce, update a field, create a record, send an email, etc…These types of customisations can end up saving users a lot of time.

4. Can you explain how Salesforce releases work?
 Being a SaaS platform, Salesforce delivers updates to your system automatically. The
major releases happen 3 times a year, with some other, much smaller updates being
delivered in between.
 The major releases are labelled, Spring, Summer & Winter, with the fiscal Salesforce
year following the name, e.g. “Salesforce Winter ’22 Release”. Each release will have
a huge amount of features and updates included, across most Salesforce products.
 It’s important to stay alert around release time. Whilst Salesforce rarely breaks
anything whilst updating your Org, it’s important to test everything and ensure that it
works as expected.

5.What is the Salesforce Lightning Experience, and how does it help
organisations?
 Salesforce Lightning was primarily a new UI that was released in 2015, it took
Salesforce’s UI that was mostly unchanged since 1999 and brought it into the 21st
century. Salesforce centred the design around a modular experience that allowed
Salesforce Admins to easily control the layout of all pages.
 This resulted in a rise in user productivity with the help of new features, as well as an
easy to navigate UI. Pretty much, every single page of Salesforce Lightning Experience
is fully customizable. You can customise the home page, record layouts and create
dashboards to suit your specific needs.

6.Can you describe an example Sales process that a company might
implement?
 Sales Cloud is Salesforce’s most popular product and it’s more than likely you will
need to support this product. This is why it’s more important than ever to be able
to recommend and support a company’s Sales process.
 When someone refers to a Sales process, they are referring to the process that a
salesperson will follow in order to sell a product or service to a potential customer.
This is then translated into the “Lead Status” and “Opportunity Stage” fields. At an
extremely basic level, that could look like the following. Qualify > Discover >
Analysis > Proposal > Negotiation > Closed Won (Or Lost).
 Here is an example below that includes a full Sales process, from entering the
organisation at the Lead stage, all the way through to its closing.

7. What are objects in Salesforce and how are they used?
 In normal database terms, an object in Salesforce is simply a table of data. A table of
data will contain various fields and in turn, these fields contain information like email
address, phone number, or company name.
 There are two types of objects in Salesforce, standard and custom. Standard objects
are those that come out of the box with Salesforce products. For example, in most
Salesforce products, Accounts & Contacts come as standard. In Sales Cloud, you will
get objects such as Lead & Opportunity, whilst in Service Cloud, Cases & Entitlements
will be standard.
 Custom Objects on the other hand are created by yourself. These are the objects that
can be created as your foundation for building custom applications.

8. How do you move changes between Salesforce environments?
 Once changes have been implemented and tested in a Salesforce sandbox, they need
to be moved to another sandbox and ultimately, the production environment.
 There are many ways to move changes between environments. However, the most
common way is to use change sets. Change sets are a packaged set of components
that can be created in one environment and moved across to another.
 If you want to really impress your interviewer, learn all about Salesforce devops, the
next generation of deployment tools.

9. What is a Queue in Salesforce?
 A lot of objects in Salesforce have to be owned by an individual. For example, Accounts,
Opportunities, Contacts & Campaigns must be owned by a user in Salesforce.
 However, there are certain objects where it is useful to be owned by a Salesforce Queue.
Queues are like holding areas in your CRM, where records wait for a user to pick them up,
assign them to an owner and work on processing them.

10. What is Salesforce Customer 360?
 For a few years now, Salesforce has been trying to create a suite of products that allow
users of its platform to see a 360-degree view of their customers. This means that users
of Salesforce can see every interaction with a customer, from the first enquiry through
the website, to which products they have bought and what issues or queries they have
with their products.
 This helps businesses by allowing them to serve their customers better, by knowing
everything about them and ensuring the businesses is working off a single source of
truth.

11. Can you describe the differences between a Role and a Profile?
 Roles & Profiles are two fundamental concepts of the Salesforce platform. They control
what users can see and do on the platform.
 Profiles control what a user can do on the platform, for example, they control what kind
of access rights a user has to a certain object, such as create, read, edit, or delete.
They also control individual permissions such as “Export Reports”, “Create Dashboard
Folders”, or “Modify All Data”.
 Roles, on the other hand, are used to control what users can see. They are designed
to open up access through a hierarchy so that more senior members of the organisation
can see more records. For example, someone at the bottom of the hierarchy, like an
Account Executive, might be only able to see their own accounts. But the VP Sales US,
would be able to see all accounts owned by individuals below them.

12. What are the main types of relationships you can create between
objects in Salesforce?
 Creating relationships between Salesforce objects is a fundamental skill. It’s
important to create them in a scalable way, ensuring you pick the right
relationship for the right solution.
 The most common types are the Lookup & Master-detail relationships. Lookups
can be defined as loosely coupled, meaning that you can relate records easily to
other records in a one-to-many fashion.
 Master-detail relationships on the other hand are tightly coupled. This means that
a child record cannot exist without a parent record and if a parent record is
deleted, the child also gets deleted with it. For a full overview of all 7 Salesforce
relationships, check out the article below…

13. Can you name the types of Salesforce reports and the
differences between them?
 Tabular – This is the simplest of reports and is suited just to show lines of data
and nothing else. It is similar to an Excel spreadsheet. If you just want to show
data without the need to show totals, calculations or groups of data, then this is
the report for you. It is also best to use this report type if you are planning to
export data.
 Summary – As soon as you add a grouping, you will turn the report into a
summary report. Summary reports are probably the most commonly used and are
great for showing groups of data, e.g., if you want to see the number or value of
opportunities per account, you would group your report by Account Name. You
can also subgroup fields by dragging them under the initial group.
 Matrix – Matrix reports are very similar to a summary, but they allow you to group
by rows as well as columns to see different totals. Building on the example above,
you might want to see the value of opportunities per account, by month. So you
would see that Edge Communications has $100,000 of opportunities in January,
$50,000 in February and so on.
 Joined Reports – Joined reports allow you to create two separate reports so that
you can compare data. You could use a Joined report to show the total number of
opportunities and cases per account, side by side.

14. Describe the different ways to make a field required in Salesforce?
 Making fields required in Salesforce is a great way to ensure that correct information is being
captured and at the right point in the process. Over time, this massively improves data quality.
Here are a few ways you can make fields required…
 Custom Field Settings – Whenever you create a new custom field, you have the option to make
this required. This is a “hard” limit and will be required whenever you are creating a new record
inside of Salesforce or uploading via a data loader.
 Page Layout – On a Salesforce Page Layout, you also have the option to make fields read-only,
or required. This is considered a “soft” limit, as it will only apply if you are creating a new
record via the Salesforce interface, not when uploading via a data loader.
 Validation Rules – Finally, we have validation rules. These have much more advanced logic and
can be built to only make a field required, under a certain condition, e.g. If Opportunity Stage =
Closed Won, make X field required. Validation rules have a hard limit.

15. What is the Salesforce Order of Execution?
 The Salesforce Order of Execution is a set of rules that describes what events happen
when a record is saved in Salesforce. For example, if you have validation rules, flows,
Apex triggers, etc…there is a consistent sequence in which these events get triggered.
 This is important to understand when designing solutions, as well as when you are
troubleshooting issues.

16. What is SOQL used for?
 SOQL stands for Salesforce Object Query Language and is used to search Salesforce data when
developers are writing custom logic. SOQL is structured similar to SQL and can be used to
retrieve data from a single object, or multiple objects that relate to one another.

17. Can you name a few ways to help improve Salesforce user adoption?
 Salesforce adoption is always an important topic and it’s vital to understand how to support
users if adoption numbers start dropping. Here are a few ways you can help improve user
adoption…
 Training – If you are onboarding new users onto a new system, it’s important to provide them
with sufficient training. Showing them how to use Salesforce and answering their questions will
ensure that they continue to use the system. If users feel unsupported, they may go back to
using pen and paper, excel, or another system of their choice!
 Feature Development – Salesforce professionals will get feature requests from their users all
the time. Although not all of them will be possible, it’s important to address their issues and
ensure that they feel heard.
 Super Users – Identifying super users, or “champions” of Salesforce can help drive user
adoption. Salesforce Admins won’t be available all the time to support users, so if you have a
network of champions that can drive user adoption, answer questions and gather feedback,
this can only help.

18. What can be implemented in Salesforce to help ensure clean data?
 Clean data has been an issue ever since IT systems existed. However, if properly managed, having a nice,
clean system, can lead to happy and more productive users. Here are a few features and products you can
implement to promote clean data:
 Validation – Using Validation in Salesforce is a great way to keep data clean. This can come in a few different
forms such as required fields, using picklists over free text fields, validation rules, as well as setting correct
permissions. All of the mentioned features are simply trying to ensure that users can only enter data
they should be entering. This is one of the most effective prevention methods for bad data.
 Duplicate Management – A common issue for users and admins using Salesforce, is duplicates. They can
come from various sources including an initial data load, marketing leads (events/website), or users
themselves manually entering them. Salesforce has various simple but powerful duplicate tools to prevent
this.
 Deduplication Tools – If bad data has become such a problem and is beyond repair, luckily there are
AppExchange Apps that can help. A couple of our favourites are DemandTools & Cloudingo

19. How is the Salesforce DevOps movement helping companies
using Salesforce?
 Back in 2015, Salesforce was voted the most dreaded platform to work with by users
of Stackoverflow. Unlike other systems at the time, Salesforce had very few tools to support developers in building applications, as well as testing and deploying them.
 Fast forward to today and the widespread DevOps movement has now fully embedded itself within the Salesforce ecosystem. Salesforce themselves have been focusing on Salesforce DX (Developer Experience), to bring out tools and frameworks to support coders. In addition, there is a huge range of AppExchange Apps to also help Salesforce professionals, build, test and safely deploy changes. For more info, check out the article below…

20.How can SaaS be helpful to Salesforce?
 As SaaS is a subscription-based, customers can always choose not to renew if they are dissatisfied
 Customers can avoid a large initial investment in an IT infrastructure and day to day hustle of maintaining infrastructure
 SaaS customer provides the same provider infrastructure and also easy integration
 SaaS applications use a simple internet interface that makes more accessible for the customer to use.
 SaaS always provide the latest platform to the customer with innovation.

21.What are the different types of reports available in Salesforce?
 Different types of reports available in Salesforce are
 Tabular report: It displays the total in the table form
 Matrix report: It is a detailed report in which the grouping is done based on both rows and columns
 Summary report: It is a detailed form of the report in which the grouping is done based on columns
 Joined report:With these two or more reports can be joined in the single reports

22.What is “Data Skew” in Salesforce?
 In Salesforce, Data skew is a condition which you will occur when working for a big organization when there are more than 10,000 records. So, when users perform updates performance issue will be encountered. It happens because of data skew”.

23.What is a Wrapper Class in Salesforce?
 A Wrapper class is defined as a class and a data structure. It is an abstract data type which has its instances formed by a collection of objects.
 The basic nature is that of a custom object and is defined by the Wrapper class properties. It allows records to be checked from a list and process them for a specific action.

24.What is the difference between Role and Profile in Salesforce?
 Roles allow to control the access to Salesforce and have an impact on reports. They have
control over the visibility level of organizational users. The users of a specific role level can
view, edit and report on all the data, shared/owned by the users who fall below in the
hierarchy.
 Profiles are mandatory for all users. Profile controls the access to which records a user has in the Salesforce org. It is not possible for the users to work in the Salesforce org, without being assigned to a profile.

25.What are Workflows in Salesforce? What are the types of Workflow?
 Workflow in Salesforce is for automating the standard internal processes and procedures and thereby save time across the organization. The main container for a set of workflow
instructions is a Workflow Rule. It is possible to sum these instructions as an if/then statement.
 There are two components of the workflow rule i.e. criteria and the action. The criteria are the ‘if’ part of the if/then statement and the action is the ‘then’ part of the if/then statement.
 There are two types of workflow in Salesforce:
 Immediate Actions: It fires immediately when the workflow criteria are met. The associated actions email alerts/field updates also take place with immediate effect.
 Time-dependent Action: When the criteria are met, the associated actions take place after a certain duration of time. This time is based on a value set.

26.What is Object Relationship in Salesforce? What are
Salesforce Relations?
 In Salesforce, a related list allows us to connect standard and custom object records.
This is the purpose served by an object relationship. Various cases can be connected
with specific customers through this. One can create a custom relationship too.
 The object relations in Salesforce include:
 Many to many
 Master-Detail
 Lookup
 Hierarchical
 Indirect Lookup
 External Lookup

27.What is an API in Salesforce? How can we use it?
 Salesforce has a set of APIs to access data from Force.com or Database.com.
 Some of the uses of these APIs include:
 a) SOAP API: It is one of the well-known APIs. It uses SOAP as a wrapper for API
operations. It comprises a bulk of the API traffic lies. As tooling is needed to create,
SOAP messages are mostly used in enterprise settings.
 b) REST API: This is ideal when you want to send a message from a client to a server
and send back a response. The REST API enables you to integrate with Force.com
applications by using simple HTTP methods and create dynamic interfaces. These
methods are in XML or JSON formats. This helps to use the API for developing
mobile applications or external clients.
 c) Bulk API: It is an asynchronous API and has the ability to manage large sets of
data. The programmatic access enables you to quickly load data into the Salesforce
org. It cannot be used for a handful of records and is easy to program dynamic API.
 d) Streaming: It allows us to create a push topic based on a query and get updates
on the query, as the results keep on changing. It is used when the notifications are
to be sent from the client to the server based on a defined criterion.

28.What are some Governor limits in Salesforce?
 Governor limits control how much data and how many records you can store in the shared databases because Salesforce is a multi-tenant architecture based. In other words, Salesforce uses a single database to store the data of multiple customers.
 Salesforce introduced the concept of the Governor limits to prevent monopolization of the shared resources between users.
 Governor limits are the biggest challenge of a Salesforce developer. This is because if the apex code exceeds the limit, then the issue is a runtime exception that can’t be handled. So as a Salesforce developer, you should be very careful while developing application.
 Here is a list of some significant Governor limits.
 Pre-transaction Apex limits
 Static Apex limits
 Size-Specific Apex limits
 Miscellaneous Apex limits
 Force.com Platform Apex Limits
 Email limits
 Push Notification limits

29.What is the fiscal year in Salesforce?
 Starting and ending date of a company financial year is considered as Fiscal year. The fiscal year is used to calculate annual financial statements in business and other organizations. Salesforce
has two types of the fiscal year:
 Standard Fiscal year
 Custom Fiscal year
 Standard fiscal year
 Salesforce provides a calendar by default as the standard fiscal year. It’s a Gregorian calendar. But it is not necessary that all the organizations use the same calendar, some organizations use different calendars and need to change the fiscal year start month. It can be defined whether
the fiscal year is based on the start or end of the selected month.
 To set up a standard fiscal year navigate to
 Setup-> Administer->company profile-> Fiscal year
 Select the option of Standard Fiscal year
 Custom fiscal year
 When the standard fiscal year does not meet the requirements of the organization, then
Custom fiscal year is used. To use the custom fiscal year, the administrator has to enable it. The administrator must define the fiscal year to fit the company’s calendar.
 To set up the company’s fiscal year, navigate to
 Setup-> Administer-> company profile-> Fiscal year
 Select the option of Custom Fiscal year
 Select the checkbox next to the terms statement
 Click on Enable custom fiscal year
 Click on OK

30.What are the benefits of the Salesforce?
 Salesforce is the largest and leading cloud platform provider in the world. Their
customer relationship manager (CRM) is one of the most beneficial software.
 We get the following benefits by using CRM
 Improved understanding of the organization
 Enhanced communication b/w client and service provider
 We can facilitate the customer better by understanding them.
 Salesforce automates the repeated tasks.
 Salesforce reduces cost and cycle time.
 Salesforce improves the efficiency of teams.

31.What is Apex in Salesforce?
 Apex is a strongly typed object-oriented programming language. It allows developers to
execute flow and transaction control statements on Salesforce server in combination with calls to the API. Its syntax looks like Java. It uses syntax and acts as a database stored procedure. Apex allows the developer to add business logic to system events like button clicks, related record update, and Visualforce pages.

32.What is Deployment in Salesforce?
 In SFDC (Salesforce development cycle), you have to develop code in Sandbox, and then you might need to deploy this to another sandbox or production environment this is called
deployment.
 In other words, the movement of metadata from one organization to another organization is called deployment. The main reason behind deployment is that you cannot develop apex in your Salesforce production.

33.Which fields are automatically indexed in Salesforce?
 Following fields are automatically indexed in Salesforce:
 Primary keys (id, name and owner fields)
 Foreign keys (master-detail or lookup fields)
 Audit keys (Such as SystemModStamp)
 Custom fields ( These fields Patent as an External ID or a unique area)

34.How many certifications are available in Salesforce?
 There are eight kinds of certifications available in Salesforce which cater to different stages:
 Administrator certifications
 Developer Certifications
 Architects Certifications
 App Builders Certifications
 Implementation Experts or Consultant Certification.
 Marketers Certification
 Pardot Experts Certifications
 CPQ Certification

35.What is Salesforce environment?
 Environment or organization is the workspace for a particular user.
 For Example, if you sign up to a Facebook account, you will be provided a unique username and password. The same approach, if you subscribe to the Force.com cloud computing, you will be provided a valid credential to work in your specified cloud computing area of the environment or Org.
 The Salesforce environment provides accessibility to develop, test the apps, and can be used for production also. This environment can be customized according to your requirements such as Apex code, workflow, Custom DB attributes, and objects.

36.What are the types of SOql statements in Salesforce?
 Salesforce Object Query Language is used to perform database operations in Salesforce.com. It is similar to the select statement in the widely used Structured Query Language (SQL), but it is designed especially for Salesforce data.
 With the use of SOql, we can create a simple but powerful query string in the following
environments:
 In the query call () of the query String parameter.
 In apex statements
 In Visualforce controllers and getters method
 In the schema explorer of Force.com IDE

37.What could be the reason to lose data in Salesforce?
 Few reasons to loss data in Salesforce are as follows:
 By changing date and date-time
 By migrating number, percent, currency from another datatype.
 By changing from the multi-select picklist, checkbox, auto number to other types.
 By altering the multi-select picklist from any type except picklist
 By changing to auto number except for the text
 By switching from text area to email, URL, phone, and text.

38.How many types of email templates can be created in Salesforce?
 Different types of email templates can be created In Salesforce. Some of them are listed below.
 HTML with letterhead
 People who are having “Edit HTML Templates” permissions can create this template based on the letterhead.
 Custom HTML
 People who are having “Edit HTML Templates” permissions can create this template without any letterhead.
 Visualforce
 Only the administrator and developer can create this template. It provides some advanced functionalities like merging data from multiple records is available only in this template.

39.What is the Salesforce Force.com Platform?
 The Salesforce Force.com platform lets organizations update and improve their applications in a low-code environment. By customizing their applications, organizations maintain better control over their processes. But this also means that organizations need low code developers on their team.

40.Why Should You Use Salesforce?
 Salesforce has become popular because it is a cloud-based, decentralized service that can be accessed from anywhere and integrated into many other solutions. It’s accessible, scalable, and affordable. It is now the backbone of the technology stack for many organizations.

41.What is the difference between Standard and Custom Controller?
 Standard Controllers generate automatically for all standard pages. They contain the
same logic and functionalities that are used for any standard Salesforce page. They can
be used with standard and custom objects.
 Custom Controllers override the standard functionality of a standard controller which
appears on a Visualforce page. Apex can be used for writing a custom controller or a
controller extension.

42.What are the types of Bindings used in Salesforce?
 There are three types of bindings used in Salesforce as shown below.
 Data Bindings: It refers to the data set in the controller.
 Action Bindings: It refers to the action methods in the controller.
 Component Bindings: It refers to some other Visualforce components.

43.What is Lightning Component?
 The Lightning Component framework is a user interface framework for developing single-page applications for desktop and mobile devices. It is possible to build Lightning components with two programming models i.e. Original Aura Component Model and the Lightning Web Component Model.
 It is supportive of partitioned multi-tier component development. It uses JavaScript for the client-side and Apex for the server-side

44.What is an API in Salesforce? How can we use it?
 Salesforce has a set of APIs to access data from Force.com or Database.com.
 Some of the uses of these APIs include:
 a) SOAP API: It is one of the well-known APIs. It uses SOAP as a wrapper for API operations. It comprises a bulk of the API traffic lies. As tooling is needed to create, SOAP messages are mostly used in enterprise settings.
 b) REST API: This is ideal when you want to send a message from a client to a server and send back a response. The REST API enables you to integrate with Force.com applications by using simple HTTP methods and create dynamic interfaces. These methods are in XML or JSON formats. This helps to use the API for developing mobile applications or external clients.
 c) Bulk API: It is an asynchronous API and has the ability to manage large sets of data. The programmatic access enables you to quickly load data into the Salesforce org. It cannot be used for a handful of records and is easy to program dynamic API.
 d) Streaming: It allows us to create a push topic based on a query and get updates on the query, as the results keep on changing. It is used when the notifications are to be sent from the client to the server based on a defined criterion.

45.What type of apps we can create in SF?
 We can create two types of Apps in Salesforce
 Custom app: This type of apps can be used in every business scenario. It is widely used in the market.
 Console app: This type of app can be used only in the client service business, where we focus on solving the client’s issues. It is not comparatively, widely used in the market.

46.What are Salesforce Standard Fields?
 Below mentioned are the Salesforce Standard Fields
 Owner,
 Name,
 Last modified by,
 Created by.

47.What are the benefits of using Salesforce CRM?
 We get the following benefits by using Salesforce CRM.
 Improved organizational understanding.
 Enhanced communication.
 We can understand the customer better and can facilitate better services.
 Salesforce automates repeated rule-based tasks.
 Improved analytics and dashboards to analyze the data.
 Reduction in cost and cycle time.
 Improves the efficiency of teams.

48.What is the workflow in Salesforce?
 Workflow is an excellent way to automate specific business processes in Salesforce. To do this, you are required to define certain rules and regulations to automate tasks such as sending an email, updating a field, create a task
 We can have access to workflow across the object.
 It is not possible to query from the database.

49.How to create many to many relationships in Salesforce?
 It helps in creating a many-to-many relationship between two objects in Salesforce. Using many-to-many relationships you can connect each record of an object to be linked with multiple records of other objects and vice versa. The junction object helps us in connecting the two selected objects with each other.

50.What are the default indexed fields in Salesforce?
 We have some fields which are indexed by default in Salesforce, which are :
 Name
 ID
 Owner fields
 Master-detail relationship fields
 Lookup fields
 Last modified dates
 Audit dates

51.What are the different ways to store various types of records in
Salesforce?
 We have five different ways in Salesforce to store various types of records such as images, files, and documents.
 They are
 Attachments
 Google drive
 Chatter Files
 Libraries
 Attachments.

52.What is the Fiscal year in Salesforce?
 The Fiscal year is known as the starting and ending date of a company’s financial year. We have two types of financial years in Salesforce which are as follows.
 Standard fiscal year
 Custom fiscal year

53.What is the main difference between data table vs page block table tags?
 The differences between the Data table and Page block
 Page block:
 It defines inside the page block station or page block
 To design the visual pages uses style sheets
 The required attribute is “value”
 Automatically it will display Column Headers
 DataTable:
 No need to mention inside the page block station or page block
 No required value.
 The data will be displayed using custom style sheets.
 we need to specify column headers explicitly.

54.What are the ways to call the Apex class?
 Below mentioned are the ways in Salesforce to call Apex class.
 From another class
 From developer console
 From JavaScript links
 From home page components
 By using trigger
 From VisualForce page

55.What is Batch Apex in Salesforce?
 Batch Apex: Batch Apex allows you to define a single job that can be broken up into
manageable chunks, whereas every chunk can be processed separately.
 In the Batch Apex it will fetch all the records on which you want to perform the field update and divide them into a list of 200 records and on every 200 records operation is performed separately.
 This would help us to execute on more than 10,000 records as it won’t perform an operation on all the records in a single transaction instead it dividing them into a Number of subtasks where each subtask may contain records up to 4000.

56.What is meant by Apex transaction?
 An Apex transaction represents a group of operations that are needed to be executed at
once. It includes the Data Manipulation Language (DML) and is responsible for querying
records. The DML operations in a transaction either success or if anything goes wrong or occurs even with a single record could result in a rollback of the entire transaction.

57.What is Sandbox in Salesforce?
 A Sandbox is defined as a testing environment that is used to test the code or to conduct
experiments in an isolated environment without harming the production environment.

58.What is Apex Managed Sharing?
 Apex Managed Sharing provides developers with the ability to support an application to share requirements.
 This type of sharing is available only with users to modify all data permissions. Only these users can add/change apex-managed sharing.
 Apex Managed Sharing uses a Sharing reason (Apex Sharing Reason)

59.When do we use Sandbox?
 A Sandbox helps you when you want to test the newly developed application on force.com or VisualForce page. It is not possible to check something in the production environment if do, so it creates a problem for the regular functioning. So, to get out of this problem developers use Sandbox to test the application.
 Types of sandboxes available are :
 Developer
 Developer pro
 Partial copy
 Full

60.Difference between SOQL Vs SOSL in salesforce?
 SOQL- (Salesforce Object Query Language) SOSL (Salesforce Object Search Language)
 Using SOQL we can Search only on one object one time. Using SOSL we can search on many objects at one time.
 We can query on all fields of any datatype We can query only on fields whose data type is text, phone, and Email.
 We can use SOQL in the Triggers and the classes. We cannot use Triggers but can in classes.
 We can perform a DML operation on SQL query results. We cannot perform DML operations on search results.

61.What is Tab in Salesforce?
 A Tab is a user interface to display custom object data or other embedded web content to a user. We have three types of tabs in Salesforce which are:
 Custom Tabs.
 Visualforce Tabs.
 Web Tabs.

62.Explain the advantages of Salesforce SaaS functionality? close
 Some of the main benefits of Salesforce SaaS are:
 A pay-as-you-go model perfectly suited for all customers.
 No hassle of infrastructure management.
 All applications are accessed via internet.
 Easy integration between various applications.
 Latest features are provided without any delay.
 Guaranteed uptime and security.
 Scalable performance for various operations.
 Ability to access via mobile devices from anywhere.

63.Explain the various dashboard components?
 The various Dashboard components are explained below:
 Chart: it is used for showing data graphically.
 Gauge: it is used for showing a single value within a range of custom values.
 Metric: This is used for displaying a single key-value – it is possible to click empty text field next to grand total and enter the metric label directly on components. All metrics placed above and below one another in dashboard column.
 The various Dashboard components are explained below:
 Would be displayed as a single component.
 Table: Showing report data in column form using the Table.
 Visual force Page: It is used for creating a custom component or showing information not available in another component type.
 Custom S – component: this contains the content that is run or displayed in a browser like Excel file, ActiveX Control, Java applet or custom HTML web form.

64.Explain the various Standard Profiles in Salesforce?
 System Administrator – Customization and administration of the application.
 Standard User – Can edit, view, update or delete one’s own record.
 Read Only – Able to just view the records.
 Solution Manager – Comes with standard user permission but also can manage categories and published solutions.
 Marketing User – Is able to import leads into the organization along with standard user
permissions.

65.What is a Visualforce Page?
 Visualforce is the new markup language from salesforce, by using which, We can render the standard styles of the salesforce. We can still use HTML here in Visualforce. Each visualforce tag always begins with “apex” namespace. All the design part can be accomplished by using Visualforce Markup Language and the business logic can be written in custom controllers associated with the Page.

66.What is the sharing rule?
 The sharing rules are applied when a user wishes to allow access to other users.
 These 23 most common questions and answers will help you prepare effectively and perform well in Salesforce interviews. Study them thoroughly to make a good impression on your prospective employers. Learn From Real-Time Experts.

67.What is Developer sandbox?
 It copies only configuration changes from the production
 It won’t copy real-time data
 We can test the configuration changes with sample data
 The refresh time interval is one day
 If we refresh all the sandbox contents will be replaced with production
 Contents

68.What is an Audit Trail?
 The Audit Trail function in Salesforce is useful for gaining information or for tracking all the recent setup changes that the administration has done in the organization. The audit trail can preserve data for up to six months.

69.What are the different types of reports available in Salesforce?
 The different types of reports in Salesforce are:
 Tabular report that displays the grand total in table form.
 Matrix report where grouping is based upon both rows and columns.
 Summary reports that are detailed reports in which the grouping is based on columns.
 Joined report

70.What are the Activities in Salesforce?
 To create the Activities while creating the object, we should check for ‘Allow Activities’
checkbox then the user can add open Activities and Activity History related lists on the Object layout.
 There are two types of activities
Task: Task is nothing but work assigned to a particular person, it doesn’t have a certain time limit.
 Event: It has a certain time limit in that time only all persons should assemble after the time limit over, the event will get complete.
 Once the event or task status changed to ‘Completed’ this we can see those records under Activity History Related List.

71.What is the trigger?
 A trigger is a lever which, when pulled by the finger, releases the hammer on a firearm. In a database, a trigger is a set of Structured Query Language statements that automatically “fires off” action when a specific operation, such as changing data in a table, occurs. A trigger consists of an event and an action. Triggers are used to preserve data integrity by checking on or changing data in a consistent manner.

72.What is a dependent picklist?
 In some scenario’s, we should be able to control one of the fields from another field. Example, if we select Country Controlling field as the US then City should display only US cities.
 We can use checkbox data type fields also while creating dependent picklist.
 We can use multi-select data type fields also while creating dependent picklist.

73.How does Salesforce track sales?
 Salesforce is a tracking program that records a number of helpful basic details, such as:
 Number of customers served daily
 Daily sales volume
 Detailed reports from Sales Manager
 Sales figures by month or quarter
 Most importantly, Salesforce tracks and reports repeat customer activity, which is the key to any sales organization.

74.What can cause data loss in Salesforce?
 Data loss in Salesforce can be caused by a number of reasons, including:
 Changing data and date-time
 Migrating to percent, number, and currency from other data types
 Changing from the multi-select picklist, checkbox, the auto number to other types
 Altering to multi-select picklist from any type except picklist
 Changing to auto-number except for the text
 Changing from text-area to e-mail, phone, URL, and text.

75.What is a bucket field in reports?
 A bucket field lets you group related records together by ranges and segments, without the use of complex formulas and custom fields. Bucketing can thus be used to group, filter, or arrange report data. When you create a bucket field, you need to define multiple categories (buckets) that are used to group report values.
 The advantage is that earlier, we had to create custom fields to group or segment certain data.

76.What are Governor Limits?
 Since we are working in a multitenant environment Sales force is enforcing the limits for all the functionalities.
 How many no of fields for an object: 500
 No of master-detail relationships for an object: 2
 No of lookup relationship for an object: 25
 No of rollup summary fields: 25
 How many external ids we can enable for an object: 7

77.What is App in Sales force?
 An app is a group of tabs that work as a unit to provide functionality. Users can switch between apps using the Force.com app drop-down menu at the top-right corner of every page.
 You can customize existing apps to match the way you work, or build new apps by grouping standard and custom tabs.
 Navigation to create app in Sales force: Setup ->Build ->Create->App-> Click on new and create your application according to your requirements.

78.What are the permission sets?
 A collection of settings or permissions is called a permission set. It extends the user functional access without changing the actual profiles. Permission sets are used for various types of users to extend access functionality regardless of their roles. It consumes time for creating a profile; instead of this, it is easy to create a permission set.

79.What is the difference between a Role and Profile in Salesforce?
 Profile:
 A profile controls the access to the records in a Salesforce org. Without assigning a profile, no user can work on the Salesforce org, so it is mandatory for every user.
 Role:
 Unlike a profile, a role is not mandatory for every user. The main function of the role hierarchy that it allows higher-level users in the hierarchy to get access to records owned by lower-level users in the hierarchy. Sales Manager is the best example who gets access to records owned by Sales Reps while their peers do not get access to it.

80.What are the main differences between the data table
vs page block table tags?
 Page block:
 It should be defined inside a page block station or page block.
 It uses the style sheets for designing the visual pages.
 It requires the attribute “value”.
 The Column Headers are displayed automatically.
 Data table:
 There is need for mentioning it inside the page block station or page block.
 It uses the custom style sheets for displaying the data.
 It doesn’t require any values.
 The column headers must be specified explicitly.

81.How does Salesforce track sales details?
 The Salesforce track the sales details which produce accurate results based on the following factors.
 The number of sales on a regular basis.
 The number of customers served on a daily basis.
 Complete reports produced by the Sales Manager.
 Generating sales reports on a timely basis.
 Providing the details of repeat customer activity.

82.Can you give an example of a Salesforce API and its usage?
 Salesforce has various API which interacts with the system in different ways.
 REST: It integrates with Force.com applications by using simple HTTP methods. The methods are in either XML or JSON formats which makes API for developing mobile applications or external clients.
 Bulk: It provides programmatic access which loads data quickly into the Salesforce organization.
 Streaming: It is used in receiving the notifications to the changes in Salesforce data which match a defined SOQL query. This API is useful when there is a need for notifications that must be pushed from the server to the client based on criteria that are defined.

83.What are the different methods of batch Apex class?
 The “Database.Batchable” interface contains three methods for implementation:
 Start method:
global (Database.QueryLocator | Iterable) start(Database.BatchableContext bc) {}
 Execute method:
global void execute(Database.BatchableContext BC, list){}
 Finish method:
global void finish(Database.BatchableContext BC){}

84.What is a Connected App?
 With the use of APIs, the connected app integrates an application with Salesforce. It uses the standard SAML and OAuth protocols for authentication, providing single sign-on, tokens for usage with Salesforce APIs. In addition to OAuth capabilities, connected apps allow Salesforce admins to set various security policies and have explicit control over who can use the corresponding apps.

85.How can you call an Apex Class in Salesforce?
 There are many ways of calling an Apex class in Salesforce.
 From the Visualforce page.
 From Developer Console.
 From JavaScript links.
 By using a trigger.
 From another class.
 From home page components.

86.Why use Batch Apex instead of Normal Apex?
 There are many reasons why Batch Apex is better than Normal Apex.
 A Batch Apex uses 200 records per cycle for executing SOQL queries whereas a Normal Apex can use only 100 records per cycle. The execution of SOQL queries is fast with Batch Apex.
 Batch Apex retrieves 50,000,000 SOQL queries whereas Normal Apex can retrieve only 50,000 SOQL queries.
 A Batch Apex contains a heap size of 12MB whereas a Normal Apex contains a heap size of 6 MB only.
 While executing the bulk records, normal apex classes are vulnerable to encounter with errors as compared to Batch Apex. The latter is normally error-less.

87.What are The Types of Apex Triggers in Salesforce?
 Triggers are divided into two types.
 Before Triggers
 After Triggers
 Before Triggers: These triggers are used to update or validate values of a record before they are saved to the database.
 After Triggers: These triggers are used to access field values of the records that are stored in the database and use this value to make changes in other records.
 Syntax:
 Trigger trigger_name on Object_Name(trigger_events) { Code_block } WHERE trigger_events can be comma separated list of events.

88.What is OAuth?
 OAuth is an open standard for getting the to appointment, generally utilized as an approach to give sites or applications access to their data on different sites, however without giving them the passwords.

89.What is a Connected App?
 The application includes an app with Salesforce which is utilizing APIs. Associated applications utilize standard SAML and OAuth conventions to confirm, give single sign-on, and furnish tokens for use with Salesforce APIs. Notwithstanding standard OAuth capacities, associated applications permit Salesforce administrators to set different security approaches and have unequivocal control over who can utilize the comparing applications.

90.What are the distinctive sorts of accumulations in Apex? What are maps in
Apex?
 Accumulations are the sort of factors which can be utilized to store numerous number of
records (information). It is helpful in light of the fact that Governor Limits confine the quantity of records you can recover per exchange. Henceforth, we can utilize accumulations to store various records in a solitary variable characterized as sort gathering and by recovering information as accumulations. Accumulations are like how exhibits function.
There are 3 accumulations composes in Salesforce:
 Records
 Maps
 Sets
 We utilize maps to store information as key-esteem sets, where every one of a kind key maps to a solitary esteem. Sentence structure:
 Map<String, String> country_city = new Map<String, String>();

91.Explain the three kinds of ties utilize as a part of Visualforce? What does each
allude to?
 Following three sorts of ties utilizes as a part of Salesforce:-
Information ties, which allude to the informational collection in the controller
Activity ties, which allude to activity techniques in the controller Segment ties, which allude to other Visualforce parts. Information ties and Action ties are the most widely recognized and we will utilize them as a part of each Visualforce page.

92.How do you create an MDR on the objects that are already
having records?
 Following are the steps involved in creating MDR on objects already having records:
 First, we create LR between the two objects.
 Connect all child records to parents.
 Convert the field type from LR to MDR.

93.Name the Fiscal years in Salesforce?
 Following the two types of significant fiscal years in Salesforce:
 Standard fiscal year
 Custom fiscal year

94.In what ways Apex can be used in Salesforce?
 Here are some of the ways to use Apex:
 To create Email services
 Create web services
 Perform complex validation over multiple objects
 To create complex business processes that are not supported by a workflow.
 Create custom transaction logic
 Attach custom logic to another operation

95.Name the ways for calling the apex class?
 Below is some of the ways to call the apex class:
 From another class
 From developer console
 From JavaScript links
 From home page components
 By using trigger
 From VisualForce page

96.What do you mean by the custom object in Salesforce?
 Custom objects used in Salesforce are database tables. It is used to store data concerned with a company in Saleforce.com. When a custom object is defined, then it assists in things like:
 Create custom fields
 Development of page layouts
 Records track events and tasks
 Analyze custom object data to create reports and dashboards
 Association of the custom object with other records
 Sharing of custom tabs, custom objects, custom apps, and any other related components

97.In a visual force page in Salesforce, how can controllers be used?
 The fact, Salesforce comes under SaaS where only one controller can be used in a visual force page while for extension controllers, the usage could be many.

98.What do you mean by the dashboard in Salesforce?
 It is the pictorial representation of the report. It exhibits data from source reports as visual components, which could be tables, gauges, charts, or visualforce pages. The elements are available in a dashboard used to ensure critical metrics. Also, it indicates the performance of an organization. Moreover, in a single dashboard, it is possible to add up to 20 reports.

99.What do you mean by Junction object? How can it be used?
 Junction objects are used when there is a need to create many-to-many
relationships between objects. For example, to recruit a candidate, a job link is
sent to many candidates that belong to different locations. Thus, to connect this
data model, there is a need for a third-party object. The object that is used as the
third party is known as the junction object.
 In the above example ”job application” is considered as the junction object.

100.What is an object relationship overview in Salesforce?
 In Salesforce, an object relationship overview is used to integrate custom object records to standard object records as per the relevant list. It is also used to track product defects that are related to customer cases. With it, the users can specify different kinds of relationships by establishing custom relationship fields on an object.

101.How can bucket fields be used in Salesforce?
 When there is a need to use bucket fields in Salesforce to the group, then a group is divided as per their field values. Moreover, it is not possible to create tracks on the Salesforce platform as they can only be found in the report section.

102.How can deployment be done in Salesforce?
 With the help of methods like Salesforce package, Changes set, Eclipse with Force.com IDE, and com Migration Tool, it is possible to deployment.

103.Why do visualforce pages serve from a different domain?
 The fact, visualforce pages are used to serve from a different domain. It permits a user to enhance security standards. Also, it assists a user to block cross-site scripting.

104.How can SaaS be advisable to Salesforce?
 It offers an updated platform to clients with innovation.
 It offers an application that uses a simple internet interface. Thus, it is more accessible to clients.
 It helps clients to avoid massive initial investment in an IT infrastructure. Also, it prevents the daily hustle of maintaining infrastructure.
 It is subscription-based. Thus, clients can avoid their usage if they are dissatisfied.

105.How does a static resource use Salesforce?
 A static resource is used to upload images, zip files, JavaScript, Jar files, and CSS files. The maximum size of static resources must be 250 MB for an organization.

106.What do you mean by Trigger.new?
 It is a command that is used to return the list of records that are new to the subjects. It only works on those records that are yet needed to save to the database. Moreover, the subject list is only available to update and insert triggers. Besides, it is possible to amend or modify the records.

107.How can you differentiate between Role and Profile?
 The profile is an object or field-level access, while the Role is record-level access.
 The profile is mandatory to all users, while Role is not mandatory to all users.
 Concisely, profiles and roles have their significance in Salesforce, where patterns are used to determine object access while Roles are used for record-level access that comes under sharing and security model.

108.What is a wrapper class in Salesforce?
 A container or wrapper class is a class or a data structure that are collections of other objects. It is nothing, however, a group of various Salesforce data types. For instance: wrapper class is used to access the account records and shows it in an in-page block table.

109.What do you mean by Salesforce App Launcher?
 It is nothing. However, it is a portal used for each user to access Salesforce Apps. It also assists in connecting Apps by using Single-Sign-On. Moreover, a Salesforce.com App Launcher has a set of standards along with connected applications with logos in a single place. For using this app, the users have to permit the user profiles. For this, the user has to visible it by selecting ”use identity features” that are available in a pattern.

110.What do you mean by Data Skew in Salesforce?
 It is a condition that is occurred during the working of a big organization in the case of
recording more than 10000 records. Consequently, when users update, the performance issue is encountered that is happened as of data skew.

111.What is @future in Salesforce cloud computing?
 In Salesforce cloud computing, @future annotation denotes that a particular block will be run only at the availability of required resources.
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112.What do you mean by Salesforce App Launcher?
 It is nothing. However, it is a portal used for each user to access Salesforce Apps. It also assists in connecting Apps by using Single-Sign-On. Moreover, a Salesforce.com App Launcher has a set of standards along with connected applications with logos in a single place. For using this app, the users have to permit the user profiles. For this, the user has to visible it by selecting ”use identity features” that are available in a pattern.

113.What does a custom object permit the user to do?
 Once the custom object is defined, the subscriber can perform the following tasks:
 Create custom fields
 Relate the custom object to other records
 Track events and tasks
 Build page layouts
 Create a custom tab for the custom object
 Analyze custom object data
 Create dashboards and reports
 Share custom tabs, custom apps, custom objects, and various other related components.
 None of these tasks can be accomplished until the custom object has a definition.

114.What is Self-Relationship?
 A Self-Relationship is a lookup relationship to the same object. It is this premise that allows users to take the object “Merchandise” and create relationships with other objects

115.What is Object Relationship Overview?
 In Salesforce, the object relationship overview links custom object records to standard object records in a related list. This is helpful to track product defects in related customer cases. Salesforce allows users to define different types of relationships by creating custom
relationship fields on an object.

116.What can cause data loss in Salesforce?
 Data loss in Salesforce can be caused by a number of reasons, including:
 Changing data and date-time.
 Migrating to percent, number, and currency from other data types.
 Changing from the multi-select picklist, checkbox, auto number to other types.
 Altering to multi-select picklist from any type except picklist.
 Changing to auto-number except for text.
 Changing from text-area to e-mail, phone, URL, and text.

117.How is SaaS beneficial to Salesforce?
 SasS is subscription-based, so clients can choose not to renew and discontinue using the
program at any time without penalty other than not being able to use Salesforce. SaaS is
intended to help users avoid heavy initial startup fees and investments. SaaS applications use a simple Internet interface supported by easy integration.

118.How does Salesforce track sales?
 Salesforce is a tracking program that records a number of helpful basic details, such as:
 Number of customers served daily
 Daily sales volume
 Detailed reports from Sales Manager
 Sales figures by month or quarter
 Most importantly, Salesforce tracks and reports repeat customer activity, which is the key to any sales organization.

119.What is the trigger?
 The trigger is the code that is executed before or after the record is updated or
inserted.

120.What is the difference between Trigger and Workflow?
 This is one of the most frequently asked Salesforce interview question. Workflow is an
automated process that fires an action based on evaluation criteria and rule criteria. As
described above, Trigger is the code that is executed on or after the record is updated or
inserted.

121.What is a static resource in Salesforce?
 With Salesforce’s static resource, subscribers can upload zip files, images, jar files, JavaScript, and CSS files that can be referred in a Visualforce page. The optimum size of static resources in SalesForce is 250 MB.

122.What is the difference between Force.com and Salesforce.com?
 Force.com is PlatForm-as-a-Service(Pass)while Salesforce.com is Software-as-a-Service(Saas).

123.Is there a limit for data.com records?
 Salesforce users can see their limit form setup easily by simply clicking data.com
administration/Users. From the data.com users section, the users can see their monthly limit and exactly how many records are exported during the month.

124.What are the three types of object relations in Salesforce?
 The three types of object relations in Salesforce are:
 One-to-many
 Many-to-many
 Master-detail
 The relation types are quite logical once the user becomes familiar with the software program.

125.What are the different types of reports available in Salesforce?
 The different types of reports in Salesforce are:
 Tabular report that displays the grand total in table form
 Matrix report where grouping is based upon both rows and columns
 Summary reports are detailed reports in which the grouping is based on columns.
 Joined report which allows two or more reports to be joined in a single report

126.What is the junction object and what purpose does it serve?
 Junction objects are used to build many-to-many relationships between objects. For example, the user can take a recruiting application where a position for a job can be linked to many candidates or can link a candidate to many other jobs. In order to connect the data model, a third party object is referred to as a junction object. In the given example, the junction object is “job application.”

127.What is an Audit Trail?
 The Audit Trail function in Salesforce is useful for gaining information or for tracking all the recent setup changes that the administration has done in the organization. The audit trail can preserve data for up to six months.

128.What is the difference between SOQL and SOSL?
 SOQL is Salesforce Object Query Language and SOSL is Salesforce Object Search Language. If you are sensing that Salesforce is a culture unto itself, you are correct!

129.What is a Wrapper Class?
 A Wrapper Class is a class whose instances are a collection of other
objects and is used to display different objects on a Visualforce page in
the same table.

130.What is the sharing rule?
 The sharing rules are applied when a user wishes to allow access to other users.

131.What are some benefits of using Salesforce?
 Salesforce comes with a number of benefits. The most major ones are:
 Helps to understand the needs of the customer
 Provides a single communication platform for all the team members of a project
 Reporting is quick and seamless
 Has a very high degree of adaptability
 Very easy to manage
 Can integrate with countless apps (eg: Dataloader, Mailchimp, Ebsta)

132.What is an object in Salesforce?
 An object is a database table that contains data specific to an organization (columns are fields and rows are records). There are two types of objects in Salesforce – custom object and standard object.
 Standard object – A standard object is created by default in Salesforce. Eg: Contact, Account, and Lead.
 Custom object – A custom object is created by the user and can contain any information that the user wants. Eg: You can create a custom “Location” object to store information about the location of various branches of a company.

133.What is the difference between static and dynamic dashboards?
 Static dashboards are the default dashboards which are visible to any user. You can use it to show organizational-wide data to a set of users.
 Dynamic dashboards display data tailored for a specific user. You can use it to show one user’s specific data, such as the number of sales closed, leads converted, etc.

134.What do you mean by governor limits?
 Governor limits control how much data can be stored on a shared database. They help to
ensure that no one monopolizes the shared resources (Storage, CPU, Memory).
 Here are some few examples of governor limits in Salesforce:
 Maximum CPU time on the Salesforce servers – 10,000ms
 Total number of sendEmail methods allowed – 10
 Total number of records retrieved by a SOQL query – 50,000
 Total number of callouts in a transaction – 100

135.What are some things that you can do to prevent governor limits?
 Here are some best practices you can follow to ensure that a code does not hit the governor limits.
 Bulkify your Code
 Use @future Appropriately
 Don’t make any SOQL, DML operation inside a loop
 Queue large datasets
 Use batch apex for more than 50,000 records

136.What happens to master-detail and lookup relationships when a record is
deleted?
 In a master-detail relationship, all the details are deleted when the master record is deleted.However, in a lookup relationship, the child record remains even when the parent record is deleted.

137.What do you mean by a sandbox in Salesforce?
 In this salesforce interview question, the interviewer expects a thorough answer. Try giving as detailed answer as you can to prove your salesforce knowledge. A sandbox is an exact replica of a database that can be used for testing and development. It is very helpful because it allows you to test out new ideas on the duplicate database without disturbing the original one.

138.How can you edit apex classes in a production environment?
 You cannot edit apex classes directly in a production environment. It needs to be first done in the sandbox, then deployed in production where a user with Author Apex permission can make the changes.

139.Define object relationship in Salesforce.
 In Salesforce, we can link the standard and custom object records in a related list. It is done by the object relationship overview. Various types of relationships can be created to connect specific business cases with specific customers. It is possible to create a custom relationship on an object and define various relationship types.

140.What is an app in Salesforce?
 An app in Salesforce is a container that contains a name, a logo, and a group of tabs that work as a unit to provide specific functionality. Users can switch between apps using the Force.com app’s drop-down menu at the top-right corner of every page.

141.How does Salesforce deploy sales tracking?
 Salesforce is very meticulous when it comes to recording intricate details such as sales
numbers, customer details, customers served, repeat customers, etc. Salesforce makes it easy to create detailed reports, charts, and dashboards for keeping track of sales.

142.Explain the advantages of Salesforce using the SaaS platform.
 Some of the main benefits of Salesforce SaaS are:
 Its pay-as-you-go model perfectly suites all customers
 No hassle of infrastructure management
 All applications are accessed via the Internet
 Easy integration between various applications
 The latest features are provided without any delay
 Guaranteed uptime and security
 Scalable performance for various operations
 Ability to access via mobile devices from anywhere

143.What is a Master–Detail relationship?
 A Master–Detail relationship is basically a parent–child relationship, in which ‘Master’
represents the parent and other details represent the child. If the parent is deleted, then the child also gets deleted. Roll-up summary fields can only be created on Master records, which will calculate the SUM, AVG, and MIN of the child records.

144.What is a Connected App?
 A connected app is a framework used to integrate an application with Salesforce with the help of APIs and standard protocols. It uses standard SAML, OAuth, and OpenID Connect protocols to authenticate, authorize, and provide single sign-on (SSO), for external apps. With the help of the Connected app, Salesforce admins can set up security policies and control who can use the corresponding apps.

145.Can two profiles be assigned to one user?
 Depending on the profile assigned, users get access to Salesforce. One profile can be assigned to many users. Let’s consider an example scenario where the admin creates a sales profile. Now the admin has to give access to one sales profile to multiple members of the sales team.
 But the admin cannot give a user access to more than one profile because sales reps should only have access to the sales profile. So two profiles cannot be assigned to one user.

146.What are the Salesforce subsidiaries?
 The following is the list of some major Salesforce subsidiaries:
 Tableau
 Pardot
 Heroku
 Mulesoft
 Demandware Inc
 SalesforceIQ

147.What is an sObject type?
 A sObject is any object that can be stored in the Force.com platform database. Apex allows the use of a generic sObject abstract type to represent any object.
 For example, ‘vehicle’ is a generic type, and ‘car’ and ‘motorbike’ are concrete types of ‘vehicle’.

148.What are triggers in Salesforce? How are they different from
workflows?
 Triggers in Salesforce are called Apex triggers. These are distinct and are available specifically for common and expected actions like lead conversions. It is just a code that is executed before or after a record is inserted or updated.
 A trigger is different from a workflow as the former is a piece of code; whereas, a workflow is an automated process and uses no code.

149.What is trigger.new?
 Trigger.new returns a list of records that have been added recently to sObjects. The records that are yet to be saved in the database are returned. Only insert and update triggers have the sObject list, and records can only be modified before.trigger.

150.What is the minimum test coverage required to deploy a trigger?
 System Administrator: Customization and administration of an application
 Standard User: Can edit, view, update, or delete one’s own record
 Read Only: Able to just view the records
 Solution Manager: Comes with the standard user permission but also can manage categories and published solutions
 Marketing User: Able to import leads into the organization, along with standard user
permissions

151.Explain the Force.com platform.
 Force.com is the entire infrastructure and codebase on which the complete Salesforce
application exists. In other words, Salesforce is built on Force.com, which is a Platform as a
Service (PaaS) that lets us simplify the design, development, and deployment of cloud-based applications and websites. Salesforce Developers can work with Cloud Integrated Development Environment and deploy the applications on Force.com servers.

152.List various types of reports available in Salesforce.
 Below are the types of Salesforce reports:
 Tabular report: In this, the grand total is displayed in a table format.
 Matrix report: This is an in-depth report wherein there are both row-based and column-based groups.
 Summary report: A summary report is a report in which the grouping is on a column basis.
 Joined report: Joining two or more reports into one creates a joined report.

153.How many reports can be added to the Salesforce dashboard?
 A Salesforce dashboard can be seen as a visual and pictorial representation of a
dashboard with the facility to add up to 20 reports.

154.What is Visualforce in Force.com?
 Visualforce can be defined as the user interface for the Force.com platform. It is a componentbased framework that can include over 100 in-built components. It includes a tag-based
markup language, and each Visualforce tag corresponds to a page or a field.
 The Visualforce framework works on the standard MVC paradigm. It is possible to have tight integration with the database and also deploy auto-generated controllers for database objects. Developers can use Apex codes to write their own controllers. It is also possible to access AJAX components, or they can create their own components.

155.What is a static resource in Salesforce?
 A static resource lets us upload content that is in the form of .jar and .zip formats, style sheets, JavaScript, and so on. It is recommended to deploy a static resource rather than uploading files to the Documents tab since it is possible to pack a set of files into a directory hierarchy and upload it. These files can easily be referred to on a Visualforce page.

156.Differentiate between Salesforce Object Query Language and
Salesforce Object Search Language.
 Salesforce Object Query Language (SOQL) lets us search for only one object. We can query for all types of fields in SOQL. Data Manipulation Language (DML) operations can be performed on the query results.
 Salesforce Object Search Language (SOSL) lets us search for multiple objects. But, in SOSL, we can query only for texts, emails, and phone numbers. Also, DML operations cannot be performed on the search results.

157.What is the difference between Standard and Custom Controller?
 Standard Controllers: Standard Controllers are created for all standard Salesforce pages. They consist of the same logic and functionalities that are utilized in any standard Salesforce page. They can be easily utilized with both standard and custom objects.
 Custom Controllers: Custom Controllers is a class written in Apex and it overrides the standard functionality of a standard controller of a page. It executes the logic of a page without utilizing the Standard Controllers. We use custom controllers whenever we want to run a Visualforce page fully in system mode, which means that the security and permissions of the current user will not be recognized.

158.What are the different data types that a standard field
record name can have?
 A standard field record consists of either auto-number or text field, read-only data type with a maximum limit of 80 characters. It depends on whether the field name consists of a unique text ID or numerical ID.
 To create auto numbers, the format should be described while defining the field and later when every record is added, the number gets auto-generated. For example:-

159.Where we can use Lightning Components?
 We can use Lightning components for various purposes, lets see some of them:
 To drag-and-drop Components in the Lightning App Builder and Community Builder.
 To add more Lightning Components to Lightning Pages.
 To add Lightning Components to Lightning Experience Record Pages.
 To override Standard Actions.

160.What are Governor Limits in Salesforce?
 Governor Limits are some of the biggest challenges for a Salesforce developer. As whenever the Apex code exceeds the limit, it issues a run-time exception and it cannot be handled.

The following is the list of some of the key Governor Limits in Salesforce:
 Push Notification Limits
 Per-Transaction Apex Limits
 com Platform Apex Limits
 Size-Specific Apex Limits
 Miscellaneous Apex Limits
 Static Apex Limits
 Email Limits
 That is all in the section of intermediate Salesforce developer interview questions. Let’s move on to the next section of Salesforce interview questions for experienced professionals.

161.What is an Apex transaction?
 An Apex transaction represents a set of operations that are executed as a single unit. These operations include DML operations that are responsible for querying records. All the DML operations in a transaction either get completed successfully or get rolled back completely if an error occurs even in saving a single record.

162.What are getter and setter methods?
 The get (getter) method is used to pass values from the controller to the VF page.
Whereas, the set (setter) method is used to set the value back to the controller variable.

163.Which fields are automatically indexed in Salesforce?
 The following fields are automatically indexed in Salesforce:
 Custom fields marked as an external ID or a unique field
 Primary keys (ID, Name, and Owner fields)
 Audit dates (such as SystemModStamp)
 Foreign keys (Lookup or Master-Detail relationship fields)

164.What is a sandbox in Salesforce? What are the types of
Sandboxes available?
 A sandbox is a similar copy of a Salesforce production for testing, development, and training. The content and size of a sandbox may vary depending on the type of the sandbox and the edition of the production organization which is associated with the sandbox. There are four types of sandboxes available:
 Developer Sandbox
 Developer Pro Sandbox
 Partial Data Sandbox
 Full Sandbox

165.What is Salesforce CRM?
 It is a cloud-based CRM that doesn’t require IT experts to set up or manage the cloud. One can simply log in and connect to the customers directly. The CRM Salesforce system is a well

organized platform that provides information to its customers from different sources. It is a customer-centric system that integrates customers’ information for an organization’s benefit.

166.What is Salesforce Lightning?
 Salesforce Lightning is a platform that provides tools to every organization to build next

generation UI and UX in Salesforce. Lightning creates a modern productivity-boosting user
experience. It is used to create a fast, beautiful, and unique user experience, just like real
lightning, so that sales teams can sell their products faster. Lightning Experience uses an open

source Aura framework. It is a completely re-designed framework to create a modern user
interface.

167.How can you call an Apex class in Salesforce?
 Ways to call an Apex class in Salesforce are as follows:
 From the Visualforce page
 From Developer Console
 From JavaScript links
 By using a trigger
 From another class
 From home page components

168.How will you create a many-to-many relationship?
 A many-to-many relationship can be created by using a junction object. A Junction object is a
custom object that has two Master–Detail relationships.

169.How does Salesforce track sales?
 There are unique procedures followed by every company for tracking their sales. Various
companies track the performance of sales by data analysis. The tracking system of Salesforce allows companies to collect basic details for evaluating the performance, such as:
 Customers who are served daily
 Number of daily sales
 Day-to-day report of sales from Sales Managers
 Sales figures on a weekly, monthly, or quarterly basis, depending on organizations’ needs
 Details of the repeat customers who serve as the key factor for the growth of any organization

170.What is a junction object?
 Junction objects help associate two objects. They are custom objects in Salesforce that allow building a Master-Detail relationship established between two different data objects. It uses a many-to-many relationship to link many junction objects to several records.
 Example: If a candidate applies for a job, then the job profile can be connected to many
applicants, and the candidate can be linked to several other jobs as well. Here, the junction
object will be the ‘job profile.’

171.What is the difference between a role and a profile in Salesforce?
 Role:
 A role helps manage and regulate the Salesforce access that affects reports. Also, it allows controlling user visibility over data within an organization. Users who can access the data and perform operations on it are given a specific role. Candidates with a specific role can share the reports with other team members.
 Profile:
 A profile is an essential component of any organization. Moreover, it is compulsory for all users to verify their identity for legal authorization. It helps secure an organization’s data from illegal visitors. It is not permissible to operate Salesforce without having a profile. It also controls the types of records that a user can see.

172.What is a wrapper class in Salesforce?
 A wrapper class is a type of container class in Salesforce that contains a group of objects as its segments. Also, the wrapper class is of an abstract data type.
 In Salesforce, we use a wrapper class to envelop collected data. A programmer defines the wrapper class that acts as custom objects, along with its properties.
 Moreover, the instances of a wrapper class help represent distinct objects in the corresponding table on a Visualforce page.

173.What are the reasons that can cause data loss in Salesforce?
 There are various reasons due to which Salesforce data can be lost, and they are as follows:
 Altering the date and time
 Converting parameters such as number and currency from other data types
 Importing data that, at times, goes wrong
 Moving the text, URL, or email from the text area
 Altering the auto-number and the checkbox
 Modifying the multi-select picklist to other types

174.Can you give an example of a Salesforce API and its usage?
 Salesforce provides various APIs so that developers can easily integrate across Salesforce:
 REST – With the help of REST API you can easily incorporate Salesforce applications using HTTP methods in either XML or JSON formats. It is the most suitable choice for developing mobile applications or external clients.
 Bulk – The Bulk API provides us programmatic access especially for quickly loading and
querying large amounts of data into your Salesforce organization.
 Streaming – The Streaming API is used to trigger and receive notifications whenever changes are made into Salesforce data, according to the defined criteria.

175.What are the different types of email templates that can be created in Salesforce?
 Below is the list of email templates that can be created in Salesforce:
 Text: Text templates can be created or changed by all the users in the organization.
 HTML with Letterhead: Admins and users who have ‘Edit HTML Templates’ can create this type of template based on a letterhead.
 Custom HTML: It is an extension of the previous one. Admins and users having ‘Edit HTML Templates’ can create custom HTML templates even without the need for a letterhead.
 Visualforce: Admins and developers can create this template using Visualforce. It provides advanced functionalities like merging recipient’s data from multiple records.

176.How many ways we can share a record?
 With the help of the following methods we can share records in Salesforce:
 Role Hierarchy: Whenever a user is added to a role, the user above the current user in the role hierarchy will have access to records and inherit permissions. Setup → manages users → roles → setup roles → click on ‘add role’ → provide name and save.
 OWD:
Organization-Wide Default (OWD) lets you set up public read-only or public write-only for users across the organization. Setup → Security Controls → sharing settings → Click on ‘Edit’
 Manual Sharing:
The owner or person higher in the role hierarchy can give manual access to users or a group of users to records\files.

177.What is PaaS? Is Salesforce a PaaS or SaaS?
 Platform as a service (PaaS) is a category of cloud computing services that allow customers to develop, run applications without the complexity of building and maintaining the infrastructure typically associated with developing and launching the application(s);
 Salesforce is both PaaS and SaaS, and it is SaaS as Salesforce provides you with a set of software offered in an on-demand model.
 PaaS as Salesforce Lightning Platform’s built-in features and functionality take care of back-end concerns such as security, infrastructure, and data integration to focus on building only apps rather than worrying about other things.

178.What is a public cloud?
 Public Cloud – In simple terms, it’s a hosting solution where your data is stored
in the provider’s data center. He is accountable for maintaining and manage the data
center and is being shared with other organizations. Salesforce is a public cloud.

179.What is CRM?
 Customer relationship management (CRM) is a technology for managing your firm’s
relationships and interactions with potential customers. The goal is to improve business
relationships. A CRM willing companies to stay connected to customers, streamline processes, and improve profitability.

180.What are different Salesforce Editions? Why are there so many editions?
 Salesforce provides bundles of features and services, each geared toward specific business needs. These bundles, called editions, share a look and feel but vary by functionality and pricing. For example, Custom fields allowed per object are different in each edition. In the Enterprise edition, we can create up to 500 fields per object, while in the unlimited edition, we can create 800.
 Salesforce comes in these editions: Essentials, Professional, Enterprise, Unlimited, and
Developer Editions.

181.What is Database.com?
 Database.com is Salesforce’s primary enterprise that is built to store data on the cloud. It is a massive data storage platform. Users can securely stash a vast number of records. Create transactions with speedy response times. Retrieve records for developing apps.

182.What are the different types of sandboxes available in Salesforce,
and what are their uses?
 There are four types of sandboxes in Salesforce, namely –
Developer Sandbox – This is a basic sandbox-provided Salesforce with all the metadata from the production environment, but no data copied over, and for development will use it.
Developer Pro Sandbox – They are a better version of developer sandbox only; they come with more storage than developer sandbox, but even here, only moving the production metadata. Partial Copy Sandbox – This type of sandbox not only allows you to copy metadata rather than some part of live data as well. But this is also usually used as SIT environment where you can test your integration. Other functionality with data similar to actual live data. Full Sandbox: This is a replica of the production environment, usually used to test functionalities and give user training thoroughly.

183.What is work.com?
 Work.com is a Salesforce product that targets employee engagement in three areas:
1) Alignment of the team and personal goals with business goals,
2) Motivation through public recognition, and
3) Real-time performance feedback.
4) Employees to meet goals through a system

184.What is the difference between Standard and Custom objects?
 Standard objects which are default set in with Salesforce. Examples are Account, Contact, Lead, and Opportunity.
Custom objects are when you create information that’s specific to the industry. For example, your business may want to create a custom property object which will store all the information related to real estate that you want to sell.

185.What is an app in Salesforce
 An App in Salesforce is nothing but a container containing the app’s name, a logo, and a set of ordered tabs. Remember, all the metadata, such as your objects, apex classes, triggers, etc., have nothing to do with an app. App just allows you to group all the things that help you achieve a flow. For example, the Sales app(Standard application ) Contains a tab for the object that is part of Sales flow like Account, Contact, Opportunity, Lead, Order, etc.

186.What is the page layout in Salesforce?
 Page layouts control the layout and organization of buttons, fields, related lists on object
record pages, and custom links. Use them to customize the content of record pages visible to your users. Page layout determines which fields are visible, read-only, and required.

187.What are compact layouts?
 Compact layout is the one shown in the highlight panel when we open any record. We can add only ten fields in the compact layout.

188.What are global actions, and how are they different from object-specific
actions?
 Global create actions let users create object records; unlike object-specific actions, there’s no automatic relationship between the record created and any other record. You can add global actions to page layouts for the home page, the Chatter tab, Chatter groups, and record detail pages.

189.What is an external ID?
 The ‘External ID’ field is used to reference an ID from another external system. External IDs are searchable in Salesforce, and you can also use the upsert API call with the External ID to refer to records when making changes via Data Loader.

190.Can we have the same external Id on multiple records?
 Yes, you can; ideally, having the same external ID on multiple records is not recommended, but the system will not stop you from saving the same external id on multiple records unless you mark a unique checkbox on the field.

191.What is OWD?
 Organization-Wide Defaults(OWD) are used to control access for any object. While setting OWD for a particular object, we also define whether access is provided within the role hierarchy or not.

192.What is “View all” and “Modify All” permission?
 View all and modify all fields trump everything in the system, i.e., irrespective of OWD, what sharing rules are set up in system user with this permission will be able to see or edit all the records present in the system for a particular object. It gives a user the ability to mass update, mass transfer, and mass delete records.

193.What is a report type?
 A report type is like a template which makes reporting more straightforward. The report type determines which fields and records are available for use when you are creating a report. This is based on the relationships between a primary object and its related objects. For example, with the ‘Contacts and Accounts’ report type, ‘Contacts’ is the primary object, and ‘Accounts’ is the related object. Contacts and Accounts is a standard report type that comes from OOTB.

194.What is the Sales cloud in Salesforce?
 Place customer information in one place. Get insights into Sales.
Get real-time reports about business running, and the intuitive workspace helps you be
productive. In other words, it’s focused on enhancing the effectiveness of an organization’s
sales team and hence increases the number of sales.

195.What is Web-to-Case?
 It allows you to capture user requests directly from your company’s website and automatically generate new cases using Web-to-Case.

196.What are the Lead assignment Rules?
 Assignment Rules are used to automate an organization’s lead generation and support
processes.Determines how leads are assigned to users or queues as they are created manually, captured from the web, or imported via the lead import wizard.

197.What is solution management in Salesforce?
 Solutions tab in Salesforce provides a repository of the detailed description of customer issues. The customer support representatives quickly answer inquiries at any time; solutions help improve support agent productivity and customer response time, streamlining communication and improving customer satisfaction.

198.What is MVC architecture?
 It’s a code design pattern that separates your code into the parts
Model – In Salesforce, our subjects are models.
View – How data is represented on UI
Controller – Apex classes can be considered as controllers
The use is a better structure of your code, making it easier to change and maintain it. With little impact, you should, for instance, be able to replace the entire view without changes to the model or controller logic.

199.What is a data import wizard?
 mport wizard is an OOTB tool to import data in Salesforce
We can use it only if we want to import less than 5000
Moreover, remember import wizard doesn’t support all standard objects, for example,
Products, Cases, etc. but supports all custom objects.

200.What all can be done using a workflow?
 We can only perform the below actions using workflows :
field updates
Email Alert
Create Task
Send an outbound message

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